Convergence of Descriptive and Clustering Analysis of Awareness and Practices towards Uncovering Cyber Behavior Profiles of Senior High School Students

  • Christian Michael Marquez Mansueto College of Computing and Information Sciences, University of Makati, Philippines
  • Mary Ellaine Ronquillo Cervantes College of Computing and Information Sciences, University of Makati, Philippines
  • Jomariss Baccay Plan College of Computing and Information Sciences, University of Makati, Philippines
  • Roel C. Traballo College of Computing and Information Sciences, University of Makati, Philippines http://orcid.org/0009-0007-3470-1437

Abstract

Purpose – The study aims to identify the cyber behavior profiles and online habits of senior high school students by examining their awareness of cyber threats, digital practices, and responses to online risks. The results serve as a basis for developing targeted cybersecurity education programs.

Method – A quantitative and descriptive research design was employed involving 206 senior high school students selected through convenience sampling. Data were collected using an online survey that measured cybersecurity knowledge, digital behavior, and online safety practices. To identify hidden behavior patterns beyond descriptive results, the DBSCAN clustering algorithm was applied.

Result – Findings indicated that students possess a moderate level of cybersecurity awareness, but their online safety practices vary. Many can identify common cyber threats and understand the importance of cybersecurity, yet exhibit risky behaviors. DBSCAN analysis revealed three behavior profiles: students with low awareness and high-risk behaviors, those with moderate awareness and inconsistent practices, and highly aware students who engage in proactive online safety.

Conclusion – The study concludes that cybersecurity awareness and safe online practices among senior high school students are unevenly distributed. Some students demonstrate strong awareness and responsible behavior, while others remain vulnerable due to limited knowledge and unsafe practices. DBSCAN clustering effectively revealed behavior patterns that would not be evident through descriptive analysis alone.

Recommendation – The study recommends implementing targeted, cluster-based cybersecurity education programs, especially for students with low to moderate awareness. Integrating cybersecurity topics into the curriculum and providing regular digital safety training can improve online behavior and reduce cyber risks.

Practical Implications – The findings provide guidance for educators and school administrators in designing data-driven cybersecurity initiatives. Identifying student groups based on risk and awareness allows schools to tailor interventions, promote responsible digital citizenship, and enhance overall online safety.

Author Biographies

Christian Michael Marquez Mansueto, College of Computing and Information Sciences, University of Makati, Philippines

Christian Michael Marquez Mansueto is a faculty member currently teaching at the University of Makati and Jose Rizal University, with over a decade of experience in academia. He holds advanced degrees in information technology, including a Doctorate in Information Technology from De La Salle University-Dasmariñas (academically completed) and a Master's in Information Systems from the University of Makati. He is also recognized for his academic contributions, such as developing IT-based management systems and presenting papers at academic conferences. He has passed multiple certifications, including TESDA's National Certificate II in Computer Hardware Servicing and Java Information Technology Specialist. He is also a certified Microsoft Innovative Educator and has received accolades such as the Most Outstanding Educator for the academic year 2023-2024.

Mary Ellaine Ronquillo Cervantes, College of Computing and Information Sciences, University of Makati, Philippines

Mary Ellaine R. Cervantes is a college professor with extensive experience in the fields of education and information systems. She holds a Bachelor’s degree in Computer Science from Adamson University, a Master’s degree in Technology Education from the Technological University of the Philippines, and a Master’s degree in Information Systems from the University of Makati. She has also academically completed her Doctor in Information Technology program at De La Salle University – Dasmariñas, Cavite. With nearly 25 years of teaching experience, Ms. Cervantes is deeply committed to fostering student engagement and enhancing learning outcomes.

Jomariss Baccay Plan, College of Computing and Information Sciences, University of Makati, Philippines

Jomariss B. Plan is a graduate of Master of Science in Information Technology (MSIT) from Polytechnic University of the Philippines (PUP-QC) and Bachelor of Science in Computer Science (BSCS), a Cum Laude, from STI-College Fairview. She has academically completed her Doctor in Information Technology program at La Consolacion University Philippines. She is presently working as an Assistant Professor III at the University of Makati. Currently, she is one of the committee members of the University of Makati Research Ethics Committee (UMREC). Asst. Prof. Plan is certified in Microsoft Word (Microsoft Office Specialist (MOS)), Certified Microsoft Innovative Educator (MIE), and Blockchain Excellerator Expert Qualifier.  She has certifications in Java Programming Information Technology Specialists (ITS), and Database ITS. 

Roel C. Traballo, College of Computing and Information Sciences, University of Makati, Philippines

Roel C. Traballo is a seasoned information technology educator with extensive expertise in programming and computing education. He has been a permanent faculty member of the University of Makati – College of Computing and Information Sciences (CCIS) for nearly 18 years and previously served as the department chair of the former College of Computer Science (CCS) from 2015 to 2021 and as a part-time IT faculty member at Jose Rizal University for 23 years. He has completed all academic requirements for the Doctor of Information Technology (DIT) at De La Salle University–Dasmariñas and holds a Master of Science in Information Technology (MSIT) from the University of La Salette and a Bachelor of Science in Mathematics with a major in Computer Programming from the Polytechnic University of the Philippines. Assoc. Prof. Traballo also holds multiple professional certifications, including Python, Data Analytics, Java Programming, Databases, and Microsoft Excel, alongside TESDA NC-2 national certification and CodeChum Certified Programmer status in COMPROG1 for Java, C#, C++, and Python. He is an active member of the Philippine Society of Information Technology Educators (PSITE) - NCR chapter, contributing to the advancement of IT education in the Philippines.

Published
2026-03-29
How to Cite
MANSUETO, Christian Michael Marquez et al. Convergence of Descriptive and Clustering Analysis of Awareness and Practices towards Uncovering Cyber Behavior Profiles of Senior High School Students. International Journal of Computing Sciences Research, [S.l.], v. 10, p. 4161-4182, mar. 2026. ISSN 2546-115X. Available at: <//stepacademic.net/ijcsr/article/view/772>. Date accessed: 01 may 2026.
Citation Formats
Issue
Vol 10 (2026): Volume 10
Section
Articles
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